Learn Islam Basics
Learn the basic terms and figures of Islam. ☪️
58 free flashcards · by Ben · History & Geography / Religion
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What you'll learn in Islam Basics
- The Arabic word for God; the one and only deity in Islam. — Allah
- A monotheistic religion based on submission to the will of Allah. — Islam
- A follower of Islam; one who submits to Allah. — Muslim
- The holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God revealed to Muhammad. — Qur’an
- Sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad. — Hadith
- The example and practices of the Prophet Muhammad, used as a model for living. — Sunnah
- The final prophet in Islam, through whom the Qur’an was revealed. — Prophet Muhammad
- The holiest city in Islam and birthplace of Muhammad; destination of the Hajj. — Mecca
- City where Muhammad migrated (Hijra) and established the first Muslim community. — Medina
- The cube-shaped structure in Mecca toward which Muslims pray. — Kaaba
- Prayer leader in a mosque; in Shia Islam, a divinely guided spiritual leader. — Imam
- Place of worship for Muslims. — Mosque (Masjid)
- The five core acts of worship: Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj. — Five Pillars of Islam
- First Pillar of Islam – the declaration of faith: “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger.” — Shahada
- Second Pillar of Islam – the ritual prayer performed five times daily. — Salat
- Third Pillar of Islam – almsgiving or charitable donation required of Muslims. — Zakat
- Fourth Pillar of Islam – fasting during the month of Ramadan. — Sawm
- Fifth Pillar of Islam – pilgrimage to Mecca required once in a lifetime if possible. — Hajj
- The ninth month of the Islamic calendar; month of fasting and spiritual reflection. — Ramadan
- Festival celebrating the end of Ramadan and the breaking of the fast. — Eid al-Fitr
- Festival commemorating Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience to God. — Eid al-Adha
- Ritual washing performed before prayer. — Wudu
- Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE; marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. — Hijra
- The worldwide community of Muslims. — Ummah
- Islamic law derived from the Qur’an and Hadith. — Sharia
- Permitted or lawful according to Islamic law. — Halal
- Forbidden or unlawful according to Islamic law. — Haram
- Literally “struggle”; often refers to striving in the path of God, spiritually or socially. — Jihad
- Successor to Muhammad as leader of the Muslim community. — Caliph
- Islamic state under leadership of a caliph. — Caliphate
- The largest branch of Islam, following the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. — Sunni
- Branch of Islam that believes leadership should remain within Muhammad’s family line. — Shia (Shi‘ite)
- The concept of the absolute oneness and unity of God. — Tawhid
- A chapter of the Qur’an. — Surah
- A verse of the Qur’an. — Ayah
- The call to prayer, recited five times a day. — Adhan
- The direction Muslims face during prayer—toward the Kaaba in Mecca. — Qibla
- Modest dress code; often refers to the head covering worn by some Muslim women. — Hijab
- The meal eaten to break the fast during Ramadan. — Iftar
- The pre-dawn meal eaten before beginning the daily fast in Ramadan. — Suhoor
- The act of cleansing oneself before prayer, also known as wudu. — Ablution
- Scholars of Islamic law and theology. — Ulama
- A formal legal opinion or ruling issued by an Islamic scholar. — Fatwa
- Scholarly interpretation or commentary on the Qur’an. — Tafsir
- First wife of Muhammad and the first person to embrace Islam. — Khadijah
- Daughter of Muhammad and wife of Ali; revered for her piety and devotion. — Fatimah
- Wife of Muhammad known for her knowledge and for narrating many hadiths. — Aisha
- Faith or belief in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and divine decree. — Iman
- The afterlife; belief in life after death. — Akhirah
- Paradise or heaven in Islam. — Jannah
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