Learn Intermediate Legal Terms
Learn intermediate US legal terms. Before this, thereis a course on Basic Legal Terms. After this, there is a course on Advanced Legal Terms.
64 free flashcards · by Ben · Professional & School / Law
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What you'll learn in Intermediate Legal Terms
- The party who appeals a lower court’s decision, seeking its reversal. — Appellant
- Pertaining to appeals; a court of this type reviews decisions from lower courts. — Appellate
- The party opposing an appeal, who asks the higher court to affirm the lower court’s decision. — Appellee
- Slang for representing oneself in court — Pro per
- The officer who manages the administrative functions and records of the court. — Clerk of court
- The judge with primary administrative responsibility in a court (often determined by seniority). — Chief judge
- The formal delivery of legal documents (such as summonses) to a party in a lawsuit. — Service of process
- A word-for-word written record of the proceedings in a trial or hearing. — Transcript
- Any method by which a debtor parts with property. — Transfer
- The representative of a bankruptcy estate responsible for administering the debtor’s assets and distributing funds to creditors. — Trustee
- An officer of the U.S. Department of Justice who supervises the administration of bankruptcy cases. — U.S. trustee
- The geographic area in which a court has jurisdiction; a change of one transfers a case to a different location. — Venue
- A legal process by which a portion of a debtor’s wages is withheld to satisfy a debt. — Wage garnishment
- The written statements filed by the parties outlining their legal and factual claims and defenses. — Pleadings
- An officer who supervises defendants on probation and prepares presentence reports. — Probation officer
- A creditor whose claim is backed by a lien on specific property. — Secured creditor
- Debt that is secured by collateral, such as a mortgage or car loan. — Secured debt
- A trial declared invalid due to a fundamental error, requiring a new trial with a new jury. — Mistrial
- A juror selected in the same manner as regular jurors who serves only if a regular juror cannot continue. — Alternate juror
- The opportunity for lawyers to present and summarize their arguments before the court and to answer judges’ questions. — Oral argument
- A formal charge by a government attorney (typically used for misdemeanors) as an alternative to an indictment. — Information
- Latin for “friend of the court”; a nonparty who submits a brief or legal argument to assist the court. — Amicus curiae
- Latin for “in fact” or “actually”—something that exists in practice even if not legally recognized. — De facto
- Latin for “by law”—something that exists officially or legally. — De jure
- Latin for “anew”; a completely new trial without deference to the previous ruling. — De novo
- Written questions used in discovery that a party must answer under oath. — Interrogatories
- A pretrial motion requesting the court to limit or exclude certain evidence from being presented at trial. — Motion in Limine
- A judgment dismissing a case that prevents the same claim from being refiled. — Dismissal with prejudice
- A dismissal that permits a case to be refiled at a later time. — Dismissal without prejudice
- A judge in full-time service (as opposed to a senior judge). — Active judge
- A trial conducted solely by a judge without a jury. — Bench trial
- A subpoena requiring a witness to appear and produce documents or other evidence. — Subpoena duces tecum
- The complete collection of documents filed in a case. — Case file
- A set of facts sufficient to justify a legal claim or lawsuit. — Cause of action
- The right during jury selection to reject a certain number of prospective jurors without stating a reason. — Peremptory challenge
- A minor federal misdemeanor punishable by six months or less in prison. — Petty offense
- The complete collection of documents and records filed in a case. — Case file
- A set of facts sufficient to justify a legal claim or lawsuit. — Cause of action
- A judgment entered against a defendant who fails to respond or appear in court. — Default judgment
- Relating to remedies available in equity (such as injunctions) rather than those available at law (damages). — Equitable
- The doctrine barring the use of evidence obtained in violation of constitutional rights. — Exclusionary rule
- Evidence that tends to prove a defendant’s innocence. — Exculpatory evidence
- Assets that a debtor may retain in bankruptcy, free from the claims of unsecured creditors. — Exempt assets
- Specific property (such as homestead equity or tools of the trade) that state or federal law permits a debtor to retain in bankruptcy. — Exemptions, exempt property
- The authority of federal courts to hear cases arising under the Constitution, federal statutes, or treaties. — Federal question jurisdiction
- Permission for a person to file a case without paying fees because of financial hardship. — In forma pauperis
- Evidence that suggests or tends to prove a defendant’s guilt. — Inculpatory evidence
- The office or position of a judge as established by statute. — Judgeship
- A judicial officer who handles preliminary and minor matters in district courts. — Magistrate judge
- A plea of “no contest” that has the same sentencing effect as a guilty plea but cannot be used as an admission of guilt in other proceedings. — Nolo contendere
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